Science is a the systematic observation of a natural events and condition in order to discover facts about them and to formulate laws and principles based on these facts.
the organized body of knowledge that is derived from such observations and that can be verified or tested by further investigation.
·any specific branch of this general body of knowledge , such as biology , physics, geology , or astronomy.
All living things have their basic needs tostay alive.
They will die if their basic needs are not fulfilled for a long time.
The basic needs of humans and animals (animals. birds, insects, snakes ) are :-
* Shelter (to protect from danger , rain and the sun) * Food ( to grow/get energy) * Water ( to control body temperature) * Air (to breathe)
Examples of humans Shelter
Examples of animals Shelter
Cave Holes
Coral reef Cage
Bee nest Ant nest
a) Humans and Animals needs Shelter to:-
protect themselves from danger
protect from the sun
protect from rain
*Peoples and animals needs shelter where the members of the family can enjoy ,relax ,and have a good meal. * Comfortable homes and good environment will make people and animals make happy and healthy . * Different animals live in different places . Such as:-
land
water
land and water
Examples of foods Humans food Animals food
b) Humans and animals needs food to:-
growth
repairing of tissues
energy
defence against diseases
producing heat to keep the body warm
* Humans and animalscannot make their own food but humans and animals obtain their food from plants and other animals. * Humans and animals will die without food.
Water
waterfalls water
Water is assential to humans and animals.
c) Humans and animals needs water to:-
maintain the body temperature
transportdigested food throughout the body
help in removing waste from the body
help in blood circulation
*Humans and animals will die if they do not get sufficient water for a long time. * Humansshould drink about eight glasses of water daily. Vegetables ,milk and fruitscontain water.
Air
d) Humans and animals needs air to:-
*Air is even more essential to humans and animals for survival .
*Without air humansand animals will die in just a short time.
*Humans and animals use the oxygen in air tobreathe . *Aquatic animals such as fish and crab use the dissolved air in the water to breathe.
However , the basic needs of plants are :-
1) Sun 2) Water 3) air
a) Sun( To make wood ) b) Water (To make the cell turgid )
c) Air ( To breathe )
a)Plants needs water to:-
*Plants need oxygenfrom the air for respiration.
*Plants need carbon dioxide from the air to make food
*Plants make food through photosynthesis.
* Plants will die without air.
2)Charecteristics of Living Things
* Cells are tiny units of living materials separated by a cellular wall , or barrier. These cells are so small, that they can only be seen with a powerful tool known as a microscope. Cells make up every part of a living thing. Your skin, your hair, fingernails , blood, bones, nerves, and muscles are all made up of cells. These cells work together to keep the life form alive.
*We are surrounded by living and non-living things . All animals and plants are living things and biology is the study of these living things.
* Characteristics of living things are:-
can move
can breathe
show the capacity for growth
can reproduce themselves
i) LIVING THINGS CAN MOVE ... Humans moving
Examples of humans moving
Animals moving
Many life forms can move. Just like you, they might move to find food, to find shelter, to avoid danger, or in response to their environment. Animals move in many different ways. They might use fins to push them through the water, wings to help them fly, paws and tails to help them move on land.
Examples of animals moving
Examples of plants moving
Plants also move. They of course cannot move as well as animals, but many plants move their stems to face the Sun, open and close flowers, and more. Some carnivorous plants even move to trap prey
ii) LIVING THINGS CAN BREATHE ...
Without food, your body would die in a matter of weeks. Without water, you would day in days.
How long do you think you would live without oxygen? As an experiment, see how long you can hold your breathe. How quickly does your body let you know it needs more air? It will proved you body need air to stay alive.
Examples of humans respiration
iii) LIVING THINGS CAN REPRODUCE ...
Animals and humans need to reproduce to:-
-maintain their generations
-increase their generations
-maintain the balance of balance of nature
* Animals reproduce by giving birth and laying eggs.
butterfly Chicken
Turtle eagle
* Humans some animals reproduce by giving birth
dog tiger
elephant kangaroo
Examples of animals give birth
iv) LIVING THINGS CAN GROWTH ...
Animals ,humans and plants growth to:-
What would you like to be when you grow up? Well, first you must eat a lot of food and get your rest. These things are necessary for your body to grow. Like you, other living things also grow. Almost all living things start their lives as smaller infant-like creatures. Over a period of time, they grow and develop into adults. Some life forms, such as frogs, start their life in a completely different form, and then change dramatically as they grow. A frog begins its life as a tadpole, then turns into an adult frog. A butterfly starts its life as a caterpillar before maturing into a full grown beautiful butterfly.
Examples of humans growth Examples of animals growth
